프로젝트 계획 회의 중에 고객은 새로운 제품을 만드는 방법을 잘 모르고 추가 비용과 작업에 대해 걱정합니다.
고객이 프로젝트 관리자에게 지침을 요청하고 있습니다.
프로젝트 관리자는 무엇을 해야 하나요?
정답: D
This answer is based on the concept of adaptive life cycle or agile project management, which is one of the approaches to managing projects in the PMBOK Guide1. Adaptive life cycle is suitable for projects that have high uncertainty, changing requirements, and complex or innovative products1. The main characteristics of adaptive life cycle are:
Delivering products in iterations or increments, each with a fixed duration and scope1.
Seeking frequent feedback from customers and stakeholders to validate the product value and quality1.
Embracing changes and responding to them quickly and effectively1.
Empowering the project team to make decisions and collaborate with each other1.
A minimum viable product (MVP) is a version of the product that has enough features to satisfy the initial needs of the customers and stakeholders, and to provide feedback for future development2. By focusing on releasing an MVP quickly, the project manager can:
Reduce the risk of wasting time and resources on building a product that does not meet the customer's expectations or needs2.
Increase the customer's satisfaction and engagement by involving them in the product development process2.
Learn from the feedback and data collected from the MVP and use them to improve the product in the next iteration2.
Adapt to the changing requirements and market conditions by delivering value incrementally2.
Therefore, option D is the best answer, as it aligns with the adaptive life cycle approach and the benefits of MVP. Option A is not a good answer, as it implies a predictive life cycle or waterfall project management, which is more suitable for projects that have low uncertainty, stable requirements, and well-defined products1. Waiting to start the project execution phase until all requirements and acceptance criteria are clear can result in:
Missing the opportunity to deliver value early and often to the customers and stakeholders1.
Increasing the risk of scope creep, change requests, and rework due to changing customer needs or expectations1.
Reducing the flexibility and responsiveness of the project team to adapt to changes1.
Limiting the collaboration and communication between the project team and the customers and stakeholders1.
Option B is also not a good answer, as it assumes that the customer knows all of the requirements at the beginning of the project, which is unlikely for a brand new product. Asking the customer to include all of the requirements in the project charter can lead to:
Creating a rigid and unrealistic scope that does not reflect the customer's actual needs or preferences3.
Overwhelming the customer and the project team with too many details and specifications that may not be relevant or necessary3.
Ignoring the feedback and learning opportunities that can arise during the project execution phase3.
Reducing the chances of innovation and creativity by restricting the product features and functions3.
Option C is a better answer than option A and B, as it involves the customer in the requirement elicitation process and prioritizes the most important requirements. However, it is still not the best answer, as it does not address the customer's concern about extra costs and work. Scheduling a brainstorming session and selecting the top ten most important requirements can still result in:
Spending too much time and resources on planning and analysis, instead of delivering value and testing assumptions.
Failing to validate the requirements with the end users and other stakeholders, who may have different needs or expectations.
Missing the opportunity to learn from the feedback and data collected from the product delivery and use.
Delaying the adaptation and improvement of the product based on the changing requirements and market conditions.
References:
1: A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) - Sixth Edition, Chapter 1 and
4, Project Management Institute, 2017. 2: The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses, Chapter 3 and 6, Eric Ries, 2011. 3: Software Requirements, Third Edition, Chapter 2 and 3, Karl Wiegers and Joy Beatty, 2013. : Agile Project Management with Scrum, Chapter 1 and 2, Ken Schwaber, 2004.
