The two most relevant measures for a professional dealer in precious metals and stones to reduce the risk of being misused for money laundering purposes are:
B). Stop accepting payments from persons other than the beneficiary: This measure can help to ensure that the source of funds is legitimate and can be traced back to the customer.
D). Limit the acceptance of purchases without adequate customer identification information: Adequate customer identification information is necessary for the purpose of identifying and verifying the customer's identity and determining whether the customer is a politically exposed person (PEP) or has any other risk characteristics that may require enhanced due diligence measures.

"The first European Union Directive, "Prevention of the Use of the Financial System for the Purpose of Money Laundering (Directive 91/308/EEC)," was adopted by the Council of the European Communities in June 1991. Like all directives adopted by the Council, it required member states to achieve (by amending national law, if necessary) the specified results. This First Directive required the members to enact legislation to prevent their domestic financial systems from being used for money laundering"

* A: "Hawala and similar informal value transfer systems are difficult to monitor, making it challenging to identify the originator, recipient, and source of funds."
* D: "Hawala operates through informal networks for cross-border transfers, often outside the formal banking system, increasing AML/CFT risk."(CAMS 6th Edition, Alternative Remittance Systems; FATF, Guidance on Money Transfer Services) References:
CAMS 6th Edition, Money Transfer and Informal Value Transfer Systems
FATF, Alternative Remittance Systems Guidance

Accountants can be involved in money laundering schemes in various ways, either knowingly or unknowingly. Some of the common methods that accountants can use to launder money are:
Overstating income to hide excess cash: This method involves inflating the revenues or profits of a business to conceal the origin of illicit funds. For example, an accountant can create fake invoices or receipts to justify the deposit of cash from illegal sources into the business account. This can make the cash appear as legitimate income from the business operations.
Acting as a conduit for transferring cash between accounts: This method involves using the accountant's own account or a third-party account to move funds around and obscure the audit trail. For example, an accountant can receive cash from a client and deposit it into their own account, then transfer it to another account or withdraw it in a different location. This can make it difficult to trace the source and destination of the funds.
Acting as a designee for someone who wishes to hide their identity: This method involves using the accountant's name or credentials to open accounts or conduct transactions on behalf of a client who wants to remain anonymous. For example, an accountant can act as a nominee director or shareholder for a shell company that is used to launder money. This can make it appear as if the accountant is the owner or beneficiary of the funds, while the actual owner or beneficiary is hidden.
Money Laundering: What It Is and How to Prevent It - Investopedia, The Process of Laundering Money Revealed: accountants aiding money laundering - Accountancy Age, Accountants' methods Accountants in the anti-money laundering front line, Accountants' obligations
https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/119840NCJRS.pdf

The susceptibility of a company or jurisdiction to ML/TF abuse is significantly increased by:
* Permissibility of bearer shares (B):"Bearer shares make it easy to hide ownership and control, presenting a major risk for misuse by criminals."(CAMS 6th Edition, Beneficial Ownership and Company Transparency)
* Rules governing the disclosure of beneficial ownership by the jurisdiction (C):"Weak requirements or loopholes in beneficial ownership disclosure are frequently exploited to conceal criminal involvement in corporate structures."(CAMS 6th Edition, Chapter: Legal Persons and Arrangements) Incorrect Options:
* A: High or low fees are not a significant ML/TF risk driver.
* D: Ease of travel is unrelated to ML/TF risk related to company structures.
References:
CAMS 6th Edition, Beneficial Ownership and Transparency
FATF Recommendations 24, 25