Explanation
Avro supports batch and is very relevant for streaming.
Note: Avro is framework developed within Apache's Hadoop project. It is a row-based storage format which is widely used as a serialization process. AVRO stores its schema in JSON format making it easy to read and interpret by any program. The data itself is stored in binary format by doing it compact and efficient.
Reference:
https://www.adaltas.com/en/2020/07/23/benchmark-study-of-different-file-format/

Explanation
Box 1: TopOne OVER(PARTITION BY Game ORDER BY Score Desc)
TopOne returns the top-rank record, where rank defines the ranking position of the event in the window according to the specified ordering. Ordering/ranking is based on event columns and can be specified in ORDER BY clause.
Box 2: Hopping(minute,5)
Hopping window functions hop forward in time by a fixed period. It may be easy to think of them as Tumbling windows that can overlap and be emitted more often than the window size. Events can belong to more than one Hopping window result set. To make a Hopping window the same as a Tumbling window, specify the hop size to be the same as the window size.
A picture containing timeline Description automatically generated

Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/stream-analytics-query/topone-azure-stream-analytics
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/stream-analytics/stream-analytics-window-functions

Explanation

Graphical user interface, text, application Description automatically generated

Box 1: MAX
The first step on the query finds the maximum time stamp in 10-minute windows, that is the time stamp of the last event for that window. The second step joins the results of the first query with the original stream to find the event that match the last time stamps in each window.
Query:
WITH LastInWindow AS
(
SELECT
MAX(Time) AS LastEventTime
FROM
Input TIMESTAMP BY Time
GROUP BY
TumblingWindow(minute, 10)
)
SELECT
Input.License_plate,
Input.Make,
Input.Time
FROM
Input TIMESTAMP BY Time
INNER JOIN LastInWindow
ON DATEDIFF(minute, Input, LastInWindow) BETWEEN 0 AND 10
AND Input.Time = LastInWindow.LastEventTime
Box 2: TumblingWindow
Tumbling windows are a series of fixed-sized, non-overlapping and contiguous time intervals.
Box 3: DATEDIFF
DATEDIFF is a date-specific function that compares and returns the time difference between two DateTime fields, for more information, refer to date functions.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/stream-analytics-query/tumbling-window-azure-stream-analytics

Explanation
Graphical user interface, application, table Description automatically generated

Box 1: {date}/product.csv
In the 2nd exhibit we see: Location: refdata / 2020-03-20
Note: Path Pattern: This is a required property that is used to locate your blobs within the specified container.
Within the path, you may choose to specify one or more instances of the following 2 variables:
{date}, {time}
Example 1: products/{date}/{time}/product-list.csv
Example 2: products/{date}/product-list.csv
Example 3: product-list.csv
Box 2: YYYY-MM-DD
Note: Date Format [optional]: If you have used {date} within the Path Pattern that you specified, then you can select the date format in which your blobs are organized from the drop-down of supported formats.
Example: YYYY/MM/DD, MM/DD/YYYY, etc.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/stream-analytics/stream-analytics-use-reference-data