CISA-KR 문제 361
대규모 조직의 정보 시스템 거버넌스를 평가할 때 IS 감사자는 다음 중 어떤 사항을 검토해야 합니까?
정답: A
Information systems governance is the set of policies, processes, structures, and practices that ensure the alignment of IT with business objectives, the delivery of value from IT investments, the management of IT risks, and the optimization of IT resources1. Information systems governance is a strategic and high-level function that covers the entire organization and its IT portfolio. Therefore, an IS auditor should review the aspects of information systems governance that are relevant to the organization's vision, mission, goals, and strategies.
One of the aspects that an IS auditor should review when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization is the approval processes for new system implementations. This is because new system implementations are significant IT investments that require careful planning, analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and evaluation to ensure that they meet the business requirements, deliver the expected benefits, comply with the relevant standards and regulations, and minimize the potential risks2. The approval processes for new system implementations should involve the appropriate stakeholders, such as senior management, business owners, IT managers, project managers, users, and auditors, who have the authority and responsibility to approve or reject the proposed system implementations based on predefined criteria and metrics3. The approval processes for new system implementations should also be documented, transparent, consistent, and timely to ensure accountability and traceability4. Therefore, an IS auditor should review the approval processes for new system implementations to assess whether they are aligned with the information systems governance framework and objectives.
The other possible options are:
* Procedures for adding a new user to the invoice processing system: This is an operational task that involves granting access rights and permissions to a specific user for a specific system based on the principle of least privilege. This is not a strategic or high-level function that falls under information systems governance. Therefore, an IS auditor should not review this aspect when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization.
* Approval processes for updating the corporate website: This is a tactical task that involves making changes or enhancements to the content or design of the corporate website based on the business needs and feedback. This is not a strategic or high-level function that falls under information systems governance. Therefore, an IS auditor should not review this aspect when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization.
* Procedures for regression testing system changes: This is a technical task that involves verifying that existing system functionalities are not adversely affected by new system changes or updates. This is not a strategic or high-level function that falls under information systems governance. Therefore, an IS auditor should not review this aspect when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization. References: 1: What is IT Governance? - Definition from Techopedia 2: System Implementation - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics 3: Project Approval Process - Project Management Knowledge 4: 5 Best Practices For A Successful Project Approval Process | Kissflow Project : Principle of Least Privilege (POLP) | Imperva : How to Update Your Website Content - 7 Step Guide | HostGator Blog : What Is Regression Testing? Definition & Best Practices | BrowserStack
One of the aspects that an IS auditor should review when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization is the approval processes for new system implementations. This is because new system implementations are significant IT investments that require careful planning, analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and evaluation to ensure that they meet the business requirements, deliver the expected benefits, comply with the relevant standards and regulations, and minimize the potential risks2. The approval processes for new system implementations should involve the appropriate stakeholders, such as senior management, business owners, IT managers, project managers, users, and auditors, who have the authority and responsibility to approve or reject the proposed system implementations based on predefined criteria and metrics3. The approval processes for new system implementations should also be documented, transparent, consistent, and timely to ensure accountability and traceability4. Therefore, an IS auditor should review the approval processes for new system implementations to assess whether they are aligned with the information systems governance framework and objectives.
The other possible options are:
* Procedures for adding a new user to the invoice processing system: This is an operational task that involves granting access rights and permissions to a specific user for a specific system based on the principle of least privilege. This is not a strategic or high-level function that falls under information systems governance. Therefore, an IS auditor should not review this aspect when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization.
* Approval processes for updating the corporate website: This is a tactical task that involves making changes or enhancements to the content or design of the corporate website based on the business needs and feedback. This is not a strategic or high-level function that falls under information systems governance. Therefore, an IS auditor should not review this aspect when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization.
* Procedures for regression testing system changes: This is a technical task that involves verifying that existing system functionalities are not adversely affected by new system changes or updates. This is not a strategic or high-level function that falls under information systems governance. Therefore, an IS auditor should not review this aspect when evaluating information systems governance for a large organization. References: 1: What is IT Governance? - Definition from Techopedia 2: System Implementation - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics 3: Project Approval Process - Project Management Knowledge 4: 5 Best Practices For A Successful Project Approval Process | Kissflow Project : Principle of Least Privilege (POLP) | Imperva : How to Update Your Website Content - 7 Step Guide | HostGator Blog : What Is Regression Testing? Definition & Best Practices | BrowserStack
CISA-KR 문제 362
지속적인 배포 프로그램의 일부로서 보안 코드 검토는 어떤 유형의 제어입니까?
정답: C
Secure code reviews as part of a continuous deployment program are preventive controls. Preventive controls are controls that aim to prevent or avoid undesirable events or outcomes from occurring, such as errors, defects, or incidents. Secure code reviews are activities that examine and evaluate the source code of a software or application to identify and eliminate any vulnerabilities, flaws, or weaknesses that may compromise its security, functionality, or performance. Secure code reviews as part of a continuous deployment program can help prevent or avoid security issues or incidents from occurring by ensuring that the code is secure and compliant before it is deployed to production. The other options are not correct types of controls for secure code reviews as part of a continuous deployment program, as they have different meanings and functions. Detective controls are controls that aim to detect or discover undesirable events or outcomes that have occurred, such as errors, defects, or incidents. Logical controls are controls that use software or hardware mechanisms to regulate or restrict access to IT resources, such as data, systems, or networks.
Corrective controls are controls that aim to correct or rectify undesirable events or outcomes that have occurred, such as errors, defects, or incidents. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 3, Section 3.2
Corrective controls are controls that aim to correct or rectify undesirable events or outcomes that have occurred, such as errors, defects, or incidents. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 3, Section 3.2
CISA-KR 문제 363
프로그래머가 급여 시스템 보고서의 주요 필드에 무단 변경을 가했습니다. 다음 중 어느 제어 약점이 이 문제에 가장 큰 영향을 미쳤을까요?
정답: C
The programmer having access to the production programs is a control weakness that would have contributed most to the problem of unauthorized changes to key fields in a payroll system report. This is because it violates the principle of segregation of duties, which requires that different individuals or groups perform different functions related to system development, testing, implementation, and operation. Allowing programmers to access production programs increases the risk of errors, fraud, or malicious actions that may compromise the integrity, availability, or confidentiality of the system or its data. The other options are not as significant as having access to production programs, as they relate to other aspects of system development or maintenance, such as user involvement in testing (which affects user satisfaction and acceptance), user requirements documentation (which affects system functionality and quality), and payroll files control (which affects data security and accuracy). References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Domain 3:
Information Systems Acquisition, Development and Implementation, Section 3.2 Project Management Practices
Information Systems Acquisition, Development and Implementation, Section 3.2 Project Management Practices
CISA-KR 문제 364
IS 감사자는 가상 서버 팜의 잠재적 소프트웨어 취약성에 대한 감사를 실시할 때, 다음 관찰 사항 중 가장 큰 위험으로 간주할 것은 무엇입니까?
정답: D
Antivirus software has been implemented on the guest operating system only is the observation that an IS auditor would consider the greatest risk when conducting an audit of a virtual server farm for potential software vulnerabilities. A virtual server farm is a collection of servers that run multiple virtual machines (VMs) on a single physical host using a software layer called a hypervisor. A guest operating system is the operating system installed on each VM. Antivirus software is a software program that detects and removes malicious software from a computer system. If antivirus software has been implemented on the guest operating system only, it means that the hypervisor and the host operating system are not protected from malware attacks, which could compromise the security and availability of all VMs running on the same host.
Therefore, antivirus software should be implemented on both the guest and host operating systems as well as on the hypervisor. References: CISA Review Manual, 27th Edition, page 378
Therefore, antivirus software should be implemented on both the guest and host operating systems as well as on the hypervisor. References: CISA Review Manual, 27th Edition, page 378
CISA-KR 문제 365
IS 감사원은 한 직원이 기밀 데이터에 대한 무단 액세스를 가지고 있다는 것을 발견했습니다. IS 감사원의 BEST 권장 사항은 다음과 같습니다.
정답: B
The best recommendation for an IS auditor who finds that one employee has unauthorized access to confidential data is to require the business owner to conduct regular access reviews. Access reviews are periodic assessments of user access rights and permissions to ensure that they are appropriate, necessary, and aligned with the business needs and objectives. Access reviews help to identify and remediate any unauthorized, excessive, or obsolete access that could pose a security risk or violate compliance requirements.
The business owner is responsible for defining and approving the access requirements for their data and ensuring that they are enforced and monitored. References:
* CISA Review Manual (Digital Version)
* CISA Questions, Answers & Explanations Database
The business owner is responsible for defining and approving the access requirements for their data and ensuring that they are enforced and monitored. References:
* CISA Review Manual (Digital Version)
* CISA Questions, Answers & Explanations Database
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