CISA-KR 문제 241
다음 중 구현 후 검토를 수행하기에 가장 좋은 시점은 무엇입니까?
정답: A
Explanation
The best point in time to conduct a post-implementation review is after a full processing cycle. A post-implementation review is a process to evaluate whether the objectives of the project were met, how effective the project was managed, what benefits were realized, and what lessons were learned. A post-implementation review should be conducted after a full processing cycle, which is the period of time required for a system or process to complete all its functions and produce its outputs. This allows for a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of the project's performance, outcomes, impacts, and issues.
The other options are not as good as option A. Conducting a post-implementation review immediately after deployment is too soon, because it does not allow enough time for the project's product or service to operate in the real world and generate measurable results. Conducting a post-implementation review after the warranty period is too late, because it may miss some important feedback or opportunities for improvement that could have been addressed earlier. Conducting a post-implementation review prior to the annual performance review is irrelevant, because it does not align with the project's life cycle or objectives.
References: What is Post-Implementation Review in Project Management?, What Is the Post-Implementation Review (PIR) Process?, Post-implementation review in project management?
The best point in time to conduct a post-implementation review is after a full processing cycle. A post-implementation review is a process to evaluate whether the objectives of the project were met, how effective the project was managed, what benefits were realized, and what lessons were learned. A post-implementation review should be conducted after a full processing cycle, which is the period of time required for a system or process to complete all its functions and produce its outputs. This allows for a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of the project's performance, outcomes, impacts, and issues.
The other options are not as good as option A. Conducting a post-implementation review immediately after deployment is too soon, because it does not allow enough time for the project's product or service to operate in the real world and generate measurable results. Conducting a post-implementation review after the warranty period is too late, because it may miss some important feedback or opportunities for improvement that could have been addressed earlier. Conducting a post-implementation review prior to the annual performance review is irrelevant, because it does not align with the project's life cycle or objectives.
References: What is Post-Implementation Review in Project Management?, What Is the Post-Implementation Review (PIR) Process?, Post-implementation review in project management?
CISA-KR 문제 242
다음 중 기업 데이터 분류 프로그램을 성공적으로 구현하기 위한 첫 번째 단계는 무엇입니까?
정답: A
Explanation
The first step to successfully implement a corporate data classification program is to approve a data classification policy. A data classification policy is a document that defines the objectives, scope, principles, roles, responsibilities, and procedures for classifying data based on its sensitivity and value to the organization.
A data classification policy is essential for establishing a common understanding and a consistent approach for data classification across the organization, as well as for ensuring compliance with relevant regulatory and contractual requirements.
Selecting a data loss prevention (DLP) product (option B) is not the first step to implement a data classification program, as it is a technical solution that supports the enforcement of the data classification policy, not the definition of it. A DLP product can help prevent unauthorized access, use, or disclosure of sensitive data by monitoring, detecting, and blocking data flows that violate the data classification policy.
However, before selecting a DLP product, the organization needs to have a clear and approved data classification policy that specifies the criteria and rules for data classification.
Confirming that adequate resources are available for the project (option C) is also not the first step to implement a data classification program, as it is a project management activity that ensures the feasibility and sustainability of the project, not the design of it. Confirming that adequate resources are available for the project involves estimating and securing the necessary budget, staff, time, and tools for implementing and maintaining the data classification program. However, before confirming that adequate resources are available for the project, the organization needs to have a clear and approved data classification policy that defines the scope and objectives of the project.
Checking for the required regulatory requirements (option D) is also not the first step to implement a data classification program, as it is an input to the development of the data classification policy, not an output of it.
Checking for the required regulatory requirements involves identifying and analyzing the applicable laws, regulations, standards, and contracts that govern the protection and handling of sensitive data. However, checking for the required regulatory requirements is not enough to implement a data classification program; the organization also needs to have a clear and approved data classification policy that incorporates and complies with those requirements.
Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
References:
Data Classification: What It Is and How to Implement It
Create a well-designed data classification framework
7 Steps to Effective Data Classification | CDW
Data Classification: The Basics and a 6-Step Checklist - NetApp
Private and confidential February 2021 - Deloitte US
The first step to successfully implement a corporate data classification program is to approve a data classification policy. A data classification policy is a document that defines the objectives, scope, principles, roles, responsibilities, and procedures for classifying data based on its sensitivity and value to the organization.
A data classification policy is essential for establishing a common understanding and a consistent approach for data classification across the organization, as well as for ensuring compliance with relevant regulatory and contractual requirements.
Selecting a data loss prevention (DLP) product (option B) is not the first step to implement a data classification program, as it is a technical solution that supports the enforcement of the data classification policy, not the definition of it. A DLP product can help prevent unauthorized access, use, or disclosure of sensitive data by monitoring, detecting, and blocking data flows that violate the data classification policy.
However, before selecting a DLP product, the organization needs to have a clear and approved data classification policy that specifies the criteria and rules for data classification.
Confirming that adequate resources are available for the project (option C) is also not the first step to implement a data classification program, as it is a project management activity that ensures the feasibility and sustainability of the project, not the design of it. Confirming that adequate resources are available for the project involves estimating and securing the necessary budget, staff, time, and tools for implementing and maintaining the data classification program. However, before confirming that adequate resources are available for the project, the organization needs to have a clear and approved data classification policy that defines the scope and objectives of the project.
Checking for the required regulatory requirements (option D) is also not the first step to implement a data classification program, as it is an input to the development of the data classification policy, not an output of it.
Checking for the required regulatory requirements involves identifying and analyzing the applicable laws, regulations, standards, and contracts that govern the protection and handling of sensitive data. However, checking for the required regulatory requirements is not enough to implement a data classification program; the organization also needs to have a clear and approved data classification policy that incorporates and complies with those requirements.
Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
References:
Data Classification: What It Is and How to Implement It
Create a well-designed data classification framework
7 Steps to Effective Data Classification | CDW
Data Classification: The Basics and a 6-Step Checklist - NetApp
Private and confidential February 2021 - Deloitte US
CISA-KR 문제 243
다음 중 컴퓨터 시스템 오류 직전의 상태로 트랜잭션 및 기록을 복원하기 위해 적절한 차단이 설정되었음을 가장 잘 확인할 수 있는 것은 무엇입니까?
정답: B
Explanation
The best way to ensure that a proper cutoff has been established to reinstate transactions and records to their condition just prior to a computer system failure is to use a database management system (DBMS) to dynamically back-out partially processed transactions. A DBMS is a software system that manages the creation, manipulation, retrieval, and security of data stored in a database. A DBMS can provide features such as transaction management, concurrency control, recovery management, and integrity management. A DBMS can dynamically back-out partially processed transactions by using mechanisms such as rollback segments, undo logs, or write-ahead logs. These mechanisms allow the DBMS to restore the database to a consistent state before the failure occurred. References:
CISA Review Manual (Digital Version)
CISA Questions, Answers & Explanations Database
The best way to ensure that a proper cutoff has been established to reinstate transactions and records to their condition just prior to a computer system failure is to use a database management system (DBMS) to dynamically back-out partially processed transactions. A DBMS is a software system that manages the creation, manipulation, retrieval, and security of data stored in a database. A DBMS can provide features such as transaction management, concurrency control, recovery management, and integrity management. A DBMS can dynamically back-out partially processed transactions by using mechanisms such as rollback segments, undo logs, or write-ahead logs. These mechanisms allow the DBMS to restore the database to a consistent state before the failure occurred. References:
CISA Review Manual (Digital Version)
CISA Questions, Answers & Explanations Database
CISA-KR 문제 244
예약된 업데이트 후 일주일 후에 핵심 시스템이 실패하여 서비스에 영향을 미치는 중단이 발생합니다. 다음 중 문제를 해결할 때 인시던트 관리에 중점을 두어야 할 가장 중요한 것은 무엇입니까?
정답: B
Explanation
The most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage is restoring the system to operational state as quickly as possible. Incident management is the process of detecting, investigating, and resolving incidents that disrupt or degrade a service or system. An incident is an unplanned event that affects the normal functioning or quality of a service or system. An outage is a type of incident that causes a complete loss of service or system availability. The main goal of incident management is to restore the service or system to its operational state as quickly as possible, minimizing the impact on users and business operations.
*The other options are not as important as option B. Analyzing the root cause of the outage to ensure the incident will not re-occur is a valuable activity, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage. Root cause analysis is a process of identifying and eliminating the underlying factors that caused an incident or problem. Root cause analysis can help to prevent or reduce the likelihood of similar incidents or problems in the future. However, root cause analysis is usually performed after the incident has been resolved and the service or system has been restored. Ensuring all resolution steps are fully documented prior to returning the system to service is a good practice, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage.
Documentation is a process of recording and maintaining information about an incident and its resolution steps. Documentation can help to improve communication, accountability, learning, and improvement within incident management. However, documentation should not delay or interfere with the restoration of the service or system. Rolling back the unsuccessful change to the previous state is a possible solution, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage. Rolling back is a process of reverting a change that has been applied to a service or system that caused an incident or problem. Rolling back can help to restore the service or system to its previous state before the change was made.
The most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage is restoring the system to operational state as quickly as possible. Incident management is the process of detecting, investigating, and resolving incidents that disrupt or degrade a service or system. An incident is an unplanned event that affects the normal functioning or quality of a service or system. An outage is a type of incident that causes a complete loss of service or system availability. The main goal of incident management is to restore the service or system to its operational state as quickly as possible, minimizing the impact on users and business operations.
*The other options are not as important as option B. Analyzing the root cause of the outage to ensure the incident will not re-occur is a valuable activity, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage. Root cause analysis is a process of identifying and eliminating the underlying factors that caused an incident or problem. Root cause analysis can help to prevent or reduce the likelihood of similar incidents or problems in the future. However, root cause analysis is usually performed after the incident has been resolved and the service or system has been restored. Ensuring all resolution steps are fully documented prior to returning the system to service is a good practice, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage.
Documentation is a process of recording and maintaining information about an incident and its resolution steps. Documentation can help to improve communication, accountability, learning, and improvement within incident management. However, documentation should not delay or interfere with the restoration of the service or system. Rolling back the unsuccessful change to the previous state is a possible solution, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage. Rolling back is a process of reverting a change that has been applied to a service or system that caused an incident or problem. Rolling back can help to restore the service or system to its previous state before the change was made.
CISA-KR 문제 245
다음 중 규제 보고를 지원하는 최종 사용자 컴퓨팅(EUC) 애플리케이션의 가시성을 조직에서 개선할 수 있는 가장 좋은 것은 무엇입니까?
정답: A
Explanation
The best way to improve the visibility of end-user computing (EUC) applications that support regulatory reporting is to maintain an EUC inventory, as this provides a comprehensive and up-to-date list of all EUC applications, their owners, their locations, their purposes, and their dependencies. An EUC inventory can help identify and manage the risks associated with EUC applications, such as data quality, security, compliance, and continuity. EUC availability controls, EUC access control matrix, and EUC tests of operational effectiveness are important for ensuring the reliability and security of EUC applications, but they do not improve the visibility of EUC applications as much as an EUC inventory. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 3: Information Systems Acquisition, Development and Implementation, Section
3.4: End-user Computing
The best way to improve the visibility of end-user computing (EUC) applications that support regulatory reporting is to maintain an EUC inventory, as this provides a comprehensive and up-to-date list of all EUC applications, their owners, their locations, their purposes, and their dependencies. An EUC inventory can help identify and manage the risks associated with EUC applications, such as data quality, security, compliance, and continuity. EUC availability controls, EUC access control matrix, and EUC tests of operational effectiveness are important for ensuring the reliability and security of EUC applications, but they do not improve the visibility of EUC applications as much as an EUC inventory. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 3: Information Systems Acquisition, Development and Implementation, Section
3.4: End-user Computing
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