Explanation:

Scenario: Shipping Function app: Implement secure function endpoints by using app-level security and include Azure Active Directory (Azure AD).
Box 1: Function
Box 2: JSON based Token (JWT)
Azure AD uses JSON based tokens (JWTs) that contain claims
Box 3: HTTP
How a web app delegates sign-in to Azure AD and obtains a token
User authentication happens via the browser. The OpenID protocol uses standard HTTP protocol messages.
References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/authentication-scenarios
Topic 3, City Power & Light
Case study
This is a case study. Case studies are not timed separately. You can use as much exam time as you would like to complete each case. However, there may be additional case studies and sections on this exam. You must manage your time to ensure that you are able to complete all questions included on this exam in the time provided.
To answer the questions included in a case study, you will need to reference information that is provided in the case study. Case studies might contain exhibits and other resources that provide more information about the scenario that is described in the case study. Each question is independent of the other questions in this case study.
At the end of this case study, a review screen will appear. This screen allows you to review your answers and to make changes before you move to the next section of the exam. After you begin a new section, you cannot return to this section.
To start the case study
To display the first question in this case study, click the Next button. Use the buttons in the left pane to explore the content of the case study before you answer the questions. Clicking these buttons displays information such as business requirements, existing environment, and problem statements. When you are ready to answer a question, click the Question button to return to the question.
Background
City Power & Light company provides electrical infrastructure monitoring solutions for homes and businesses. The company is migrating solutions to Azure.
Current environment
Architecture overview
The
company has a public website located at http://www.cpandl.com/. The site is a single-page web application that runs in Azure App Service on Linux. The website uses files stored in Azure Storage and cached in Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN) to serve static content.
API Management and Azure Function App functions are used to process and store data in Azure Database for PostgreSQL. API Management is used to broker communications to the Azure Function app functions for Logic app integration. Logic apps are used to orchestrate the data processing while Service Bus and Event Grid handle messaging and events.
The solution uses Application Insights, Azure Monitor, and Azure Key Vault.
Architecture diagram
The company has several applications and services that support their business. The company plans to implement serverless computing where possible. The overall architecture is shown below.

User authentication
The following steps detail the user authentication process:
* The user selects Sign in in the website.
* The browser redirects the user to the Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) sign in page.
* The user signs in.
* Azure AD redirects the user's session back to the web application. The URL includes an access token.
* The web application calls an API and includes the access token in the authentication header. The application ID is sent as the audience ('aud') claim in the access token.
* The back-end API validates the access token.
Requirements
Corporate website
* Communications and content must be secured by using SSL.
* Communications must use HTTPS.
* Data must be replicated to a secondary region and three availability zones.
* Data storage costs must be minimized.
Azure Database for PostgreSQL
The database connection string is stored in Azure Key Vault with the following attributes:
* Azure Key Vault name: cpandlkeyvault
* Secret name: PostgreSQLConn
* Id: 80df3e46ffcd4f1cb187f79905e9a1e8
The connection information is updated frequently. The application must always use the latest information to connect to the database.
Azure Service Bus and Azure Event Grid
* Azure Event Grid must use Azure Service Bus for queue-based load leveling.
* Events in Azure Event Grid must be routed directly to Service Bus queues for use in buffering.
* Events from Azure Service Bus and other Azure services must continue to be routed to Azure Event Grid for processing.
Security
* All SSL certificates and credentials must be stored in Azure Key Vault.
* File access must restrict access by IP, protocol, and Azure AD rights.
* All user accounts and processes must receive only those privileges which are essential to perform their intended function.
Compliance
Auditing of the file updates and transfers must be enabled to comply with General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The file updates must be read-only, stored in the order in which they occurred, include only create, update, delete, and copy operations, and be retained for compliance reasons.
Issues
Corporate website
While testing the site, the following error message displays:
CryptographicException: The system cannot find the file specified.
Function app
You perform local testing for the RequestUserApproval function. The following error message displays:
'Timeout value of 00:10:00 exceeded by function: RequestUserApproval'
The same error message displays when you test the function in an Azure development environment when you run the following Kusto query:
FunctionAppLogs
| where FunctionName = = "RequestUserApproval"
Logic app
You test the Logic app in a development environment. The following error message displays:
'400 Bad Request'
Troubleshooting of the error shows an HttpTrigger action to call the RequestUserApproval function.
Code
Corporate website
Security.cs:

Function app
RequestUserApproval.cs:

A service SAS is secured with the storage account key. A service SAS delegates access to a resource in only one of the Azure Storage services: Blob storage, Queue storage, Table storage, or Azure Files.
Stored access policies give you the option to revoke permissions for a service SAS without having to regenerate the storage account keys.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/common/storage-sas-overview

Don't use a VM, instead create an Azure Function App that uses an Azure Service Bus Queue trigger.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/functions-create-storage-queue-triggered-function

Explanation:

Step 1: Encrypt the on-premises VHD by using BitLocker without a TPM. Upload the VM to Azure Storage Step 2: Run the Azure PowerShell command Set-AzureRMVMOSDisk To use an existing disk instead of creating a new disk you can use the Set-AzureRMVMOSDisk command.
Example:
$osDiskName = $vmname+'_osDisk'
$osDiskCaching = 'ReadWrite'
$osDiskVhdUri = "https://$stoname.blob.core.windows.net/vhds/"+$vmname+"_os.vhd"
$vm = Set-AzureRmVMOSDisk -VM $vm -VhdUri $osDiskVhdUri -name $osDiskName -Create Step 3: Run the Azure PowerShell command Set-AzureRmVMDiskEncryptionExtension Use the Set-AzVMDiskEncryptionExtension cmdlet to enable encryption on a running IaaS virtual machine in Azure.
Incorrect:
Not TPM: BitLocker can work with or without a TPM. A TPM is a tamper resistant security chip on the system board that will hold the keys for encryption and check the integrity of the boot sequence and allows the most secure BitLocker implementation. A VM does not have a TPM.
References:
https://www.itprotoday.com/iaaspaas/use-existing-vhd-azurerm-vm