CISA-KR 문제 111
다음 중 조직의 새로 구현된 온라인 보안 인식 프로그램을 검토하는 IS 감사인에게 가장 중요한 문제는 무엇입니까?
정답: B
Explanation
The greatest concern for an IS auditor reviewing an online security awareness program is that metrics have not been established to assess training results. Without metrics, it is difficult to measure the effectiveness of the program and identify areas for improvement. The other findings are also issues that need to be addressed, but they are not as significant as the lack of metrics. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter
5, Section 5.3.11
The greatest concern for an IS auditor reviewing an online security awareness program is that metrics have not been established to assess training results. Without metrics, it is difficult to measure the effectiveness of the program and identify areas for improvement. The other findings are also issues that need to be addressed, but they are not as significant as the lack of metrics. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter
5, Section 5.3.11
CISA-KR 문제 112
원격 콜 센터와 고객 데이터베이스의 양방향 복제를 위해 제안된 프로젝트를 평가할 때 IS 감사인은 다음을 확인해야 합니다.
정답: A
Explanation
A database conflict occurs when the same data is modified at two separate servers, such as a customer database and a remote call center database, and the changes are not consistent with each other. For example, if a customer updates their phone number at the customer database, and a call center agent updates the same customer's address at the remote call center database, there is a conflict between the two updates. Database conflicts can cause data inconsistency, corruption, or loss if they are not detected and resolved properly.
Two-way replication is a process of synchronizing data between two databases, so that any changes made in one database are reflected in the other database, and vice versa. Two-way replication can improve data availability, performance, and scalability, but it also increases the risk of database conflicts. Therefore, when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center, the IS auditor should ensure that database conflicts are managed during replication. This means that the project should have a clear and effective strategy for:
Preventing or minimizing database conflicts by using techniques such as locking, timestamping, or partitioning.
Detecting or identifying database conflicts by using tools such as triggers, logs, or alerts.
Resolving or handling database conflicts by using methods such as priority-based, rule-based, or user-based resolution.
The other possible options are:
B: end users are trained in the replication process: This is not a relevant or important factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. End users are not directly involved in the replication process, and they do not need to have detailed knowledge or skills about how replication works. The replication process should be transparent and seamless to the end users, and they should only interact with the data through their applications or interfaces.
C: the source database is backed up on both sites: This is not a sufficient or necessary factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. Backing up the source database on both sites can provide some level of data protection and recovery, but it does not address the issue of database conflicts that can occur during replication. Moreover, backing up the source database on both sites may not be feasible or efficient, as it may consume more storage space and network bandwidth, and introduce more complexity and overhead to the replication process.
D: user rights are identical on both databases: This is not a critical or relevant factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. User rights are the permissions or privileges that users have to access or modify data in a database. User rights do not directly affect the occurrence or resolution of database conflicts during replication. User rights may vary depending on the role or function of the users in different databases, and they should be defined and enforced according to the security policies and requirements of each database.
A database conflict occurs when the same data is modified at two separate servers, such as a customer database and a remote call center database, and the changes are not consistent with each other. For example, if a customer updates their phone number at the customer database, and a call center agent updates the same customer's address at the remote call center database, there is a conflict between the two updates. Database conflicts can cause data inconsistency, corruption, or loss if they are not detected and resolved properly.
Two-way replication is a process of synchronizing data between two databases, so that any changes made in one database are reflected in the other database, and vice versa. Two-way replication can improve data availability, performance, and scalability, but it also increases the risk of database conflicts. Therefore, when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center, the IS auditor should ensure that database conflicts are managed during replication. This means that the project should have a clear and effective strategy for:
Preventing or minimizing database conflicts by using techniques such as locking, timestamping, or partitioning.
Detecting or identifying database conflicts by using tools such as triggers, logs, or alerts.
Resolving or handling database conflicts by using methods such as priority-based, rule-based, or user-based resolution.
The other possible options are:
B: end users are trained in the replication process: This is not a relevant or important factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. End users are not directly involved in the replication process, and they do not need to have detailed knowledge or skills about how replication works. The replication process should be transparent and seamless to the end users, and they should only interact with the data through their applications or interfaces.
C: the source database is backed up on both sites: This is not a sufficient or necessary factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. Backing up the source database on both sites can provide some level of data protection and recovery, but it does not address the issue of database conflicts that can occur during replication. Moreover, backing up the source database on both sites may not be feasible or efficient, as it may consume more storage space and network bandwidth, and introduce more complexity and overhead to the replication process.
D: user rights are identical on both databases: This is not a critical or relevant factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. User rights are the permissions or privileges that users have to access or modify data in a database. User rights do not directly affect the occurrence or resolution of database conflicts during replication. User rights may vary depending on the role or function of the users in different databases, and they should be defined and enforced according to the security policies and requirements of each database.
CISA-KR 문제 113
비즈니스 프로세스 애플리케이션에 대한 정보 시스템 보안 책임자의 주요 책임은 다음과 같습니다.
정답: C
Explanation
Ensuring access rules agree with policies is an information systems security officer's primary responsibility for business process applications. An information systems security officer should verify that the access controls implemented for the business process applications are consistent with the organization's security policy and objectives. The other options are not the primary responsibility of an information systems security officer, but rather the tasks of an application owner, a senior management, or a business analyst. References:
CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 7, Section 7.3.11
CISA Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Database, Question ID 208
Ensuring access rules agree with policies is an information systems security officer's primary responsibility for business process applications. An information systems security officer should verify that the access controls implemented for the business process applications are consistent with the organization's security policy and objectives. The other options are not the primary responsibility of an information systems security officer, but rather the tasks of an application owner, a senior management, or a business analyst. References:
CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 7, Section 7.3.11
CISA Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Database, Question ID 208
CISA-KR 문제 114
IS 감사자는 다음 중 자산 보관실을 보호하기 위해 사용되는 화재 진압 시스템이 무엇인지 가장 염려해야 합니까?
정답: D
Explanation
A CO2 system could be a concern for an IS auditor when used to protect an asset storage closet. While CO2 systems are effective at suppressing fires, they can pose a significant safety risk to personnel. In the event of a fire, the CO2 system would fill the room with carbon dioxide, displacing the oxygen. This could be hazardous to anyone who might be in the room at the time12.
References: ISACA's Information Systems Auditor Study Materials1
A CO2 system could be a concern for an IS auditor when used to protect an asset storage closet. While CO2 systems are effective at suppressing fires, they can pose a significant safety risk to personnel. In the event of a fire, the CO2 system would fill the room with carbon dioxide, displacing the oxygen. This could be hazardous to anyone who might be in the room at the time12.
References: ISACA's Information Systems Auditor Study Materials1
CISA-KR 문제 115
한 기업에서 애플리케이션에 저장된 정보가 적절하게 보호되는지 확인하기 위해 감사를 요청했습니다. 다음 중 감사 작업이 시작되기 전 가장 중요한 조치는 무엇입니까?
정답: B
Explanation
The most important action before the audit work begins is to establish control objectives. Control objectives are the specific goals or outcomes that the audit intends to achieve or verify in relation to the information protection in the application1. Control objectives provide the basis for designing and performing the audit procedures, evaluating the audit evidence, and reporting the audit findings and recommendations2. Control objectives also help to align the audit scope and criteria with the business needs and expectations, and to ensure that the audit is relevant, reliable, and efficient3.
Some examples of control objectives for an information protection audit are:
To ensure that the information stored in the application is classified according to its sensitivity, value, and regulatory requirements To ensure that the information stored in the application is encrypted, masked, or anonymized as appropriate To ensure that the information stored in the application is accessible only by authorized users and processes To ensure that the information stored in the application is backed up, restored, and retained according to the business continuity and retention policies To ensure that the information stored in the application is monitored, logged, and audited for any unauthorized or anomalous activities Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Option A is not correct because reviewing remediation reports is not the most important action before the audit work begins. Remediation reports are documents that describe how previous audit findings or issues have been resolved or addressed by the auditee4. While reviewing remediation reports may be useful for understanding the current state of information protection in the application, it is not a prerequisite for defining the control objectives of the audit.
Option C is not correct because assessing the threat landscape is not the most important action before the audit work begins. The threat landscape is the set of potential sources, methods, and impacts of cyberattacks or data breaches that may affect the information stored in the application5. While assessing the threat landscape may be helpful for identifying and prioritizing the risks and vulnerabilities of information protection in the application, it is not a prerequisite for defining the control objectives of the audit.
Option D is not correct because performing penetration testing is not the most important action before the audit work begins. Penetration testing is a technique that simulates real-world cyberattacks or data breaches to test the security and resilience of information systems or applications.
The most important action before the audit work begins is to establish control objectives. Control objectives are the specific goals or outcomes that the audit intends to achieve or verify in relation to the information protection in the application1. Control objectives provide the basis for designing and performing the audit procedures, evaluating the audit evidence, and reporting the audit findings and recommendations2. Control objectives also help to align the audit scope and criteria with the business needs and expectations, and to ensure that the audit is relevant, reliable, and efficient3.
Some examples of control objectives for an information protection audit are:
To ensure that the information stored in the application is classified according to its sensitivity, value, and regulatory requirements To ensure that the information stored in the application is encrypted, masked, or anonymized as appropriate To ensure that the information stored in the application is accessible only by authorized users and processes To ensure that the information stored in the application is backed up, restored, and retained according to the business continuity and retention policies To ensure that the information stored in the application is monitored, logged, and audited for any unauthorized or anomalous activities Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Option A is not correct because reviewing remediation reports is not the most important action before the audit work begins. Remediation reports are documents that describe how previous audit findings or issues have been resolved or addressed by the auditee4. While reviewing remediation reports may be useful for understanding the current state of information protection in the application, it is not a prerequisite for defining the control objectives of the audit.
Option C is not correct because assessing the threat landscape is not the most important action before the audit work begins. The threat landscape is the set of potential sources, methods, and impacts of cyberattacks or data breaches that may affect the information stored in the application5. While assessing the threat landscape may be helpful for identifying and prioritizing the risks and vulnerabilities of information protection in the application, it is not a prerequisite for defining the control objectives of the audit.
Option D is not correct because performing penetration testing is not the most important action before the audit work begins. Penetration testing is a technique that simulates real-world cyberattacks or data breaches to test the security and resilience of information systems or applications.
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